Trunk A-road

A405 traffic and collisions

The A405 is a trunk A-road of 4.9 miles, in Hertfordshire. This page covers its traffic at 5 DfT count points since 2000 and the collisions police recorded on it.

Last updated
Records analysed
5 count points in 2025
Methodology
View methodology
  • Traffic in 2025 49m vehicle miles
  • Average daily traffic 27,191 vehicles a day, both directions
  • Busiest section 41,710 M1 to M25
  • HGV share 3.6% of vehicle miles
  • Traffic since 2019 −11.2% same count points
  • Collisions, 2021 to 2025 102 43.1 per 100m vehicle miles

How busy is the A405?

On an average day in 2025, 27,191 vehicles passed each point on the A405, counting both directions. The busiest section is M1 to M25 (Hertfordshire), with 41,710 a day; the quietest listed is A41 to A412, with 17,344.

Busiest sections, 2025

M1 to M25 carries 1.5 times the road’s average flow.

Sections of the A405 with the highest average daily flow, 2025
Section Vehicles a day
M1 to M25 Hertfordshire · 0.8 mi · HGVs 3.7% 41,710
M25 to Tippendell Lane, St Albans Hertfordshire · 1.2 mi · HGVs 4.6% 28,882
A412 to M1 Hertfordshire · 0.8 mi · HGVs 2.9% 28,265
Tippendell Lane to A414 Hertfordshire · 0.6 mi · HGVs 4.7% 27,638
A41 to A412 Hertfordshire · 1.5 mi · HGVs 2.1% 17,344

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

Route

In Hertfordshire · 4.9 miles

Hertfordshire
Schematic route: each line joins the junctions at the ends of a DfT count point link.

A405 traffic and collisions by section

5 sections between junctions, in route order. Each is the average of its DfT count points, weighted by length.

Sections Tap a column heading to sort
Sections of the A405 in route order, 2025 traffic
#
1A41 to A412Hertfordshire1.517,3442.1%−37.9%2145.7
2A412 to M1Hertfordshire0.828,2652.9%+8.2%9
3M1 to M25Hertfordshire0.841,7103.7%−9.6%3251.5
4M25 to Tippendell Lane, St AlbansHertfordshire1.228,8824.6%+4.8%3151.0
5Tippendell Lane to A414Hertfordshire0.627,6384.7%−4.0%9

Vehicles a day is the average daily flow in 2025. “Since 2019” compares the same count points. Collisions are those with the A405 as the first road, placed on the nearest section by their recorded position; rates (per 100 million vehicle miles) are shown for sections of half a mile or more with 10 or more.

A405 traffic by vehicle type

Cars and taxis make up 79.5% of the vehicle miles on the A405. HGVs account for 3.6%, rising to 4.7% on Tippendell Lane to A414.

Vehicle mix, 2025

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

HGV share of traffic

HGVs as a share of vehicle miles on the A405, by year
Year HGV share
2000 5.6%
2001 5.3%
2002 5.6%
2003 5.9%
2004 5.8%
2005 5.7%
2006 5.7%
2007 5.1%
2008 4.9%
2009 4.7%
2010 4.7%
2011 4.6%
2012 4.4%
2013 4.3%
2014 4.1%
2015 4.2%
2016 3.8%
2017 3.7%
2018 3.8%
2019 3.6%
2020 4.4%
2021 4.4%
2022 4.0%
2023 4.0%
2024 3.6%
2025 3.6%

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

A405 traffic trend

Traffic on the A405 came to 48.6 million vehicle miles in 2025. At the count points present in both years, it is down 11.2% on 2019, before the pandemic, and down 2.3% on 2015.

Vehicle miles a year

Like for like, traffic is up 5.9% on 2000.

Vehicle miles on the A405 each year, the whole road as it was that year
Year Vehicle miles
2000 45m
2001 45m
2002 45m
2003 47m
2004 47m
2005 46m
2006 47m
2007 48m
2008 49m
2009 46m
2010 46m
2011 47m
2012 47m
2013 48m
2014 49m
2015 49m
2016 55m
2017 54m
2018 57m
2019 55m
2020 38m
2021 42m
2022 49m
2023 49m
2024 48m
2025 49m

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

Average daily flow

Average daily flow along the A405, weighted by link length, by year
Year Vehicles a day
2000 25,710
2001 25,400
2002 25,893
2003 26,647
2004 26,575
2005 26,471
2006 26,788
2007 27,203
2008 27,729
2009 26,405
2010 26,213
2011 26,804
2012 26,723
2013 27,111
2014 27,655
2015 27,742
2016 31,245
2017 30,707
2018 31,006
2019 30,629
2020 21,189
2021 23,530
2022 27,491
2023 27,314
2024 26,915
2025 27,191

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

The chart counts the whole road as it was each year, so new or renumbered stretches move it. The percentage changes compare only count points present in both years. In 2025, 0 of the 5 count points were counted; DfT estimated the rest from earlier counts and local trends.

A405 collisions

Police recorded 102 collisions with the A405 as the first road from 2021 to 2025, fewer than 3 of them fatal or serious. That is 43.1 per 100 million vehicle miles, higher than the 31.5 for all A-roads in Great Britain. On average there were 4.2 a year for each mile of road.

Reported collisions by year

Down 23.8% from 2021 to 2025.

Police-reported collisions on the A405 by year
Year Collisions
2021 21
2022 29
2023 21
2024 15
2025 16

Source:DfT STATS19,UK Motoring analysis 2021 to 2025 Updated

Sections with the highest collision rates

Per 100 million vehicle miles, 2021 to 2025. Sections of half a mile or more with 10 or more collisions.

Collisions per 100 million vehicle miles by section of the A405, 2021 to 2025
Section Per 100m vehicle miles
M1 to M25 Hertfordshire · 32 collisions 51.5
M25 to Tippendell Lane, St Albans Hertfordshire · 31 collisions 51.0
A41 to A412 Hertfordshire · 21 collisions 45.7

Source:DfT STATS19,UK Motoring analysis 2021 to 2025 Updated

A further 22 collisions were recorded at junctions where the A405 was the second road; they are not in the figures above. Fatal or serious uses DfT’s adjusted serious figures. 100.0% of the collisions could be placed on a section. How we count collisions

Council areas on the A405

In route order. Each is the highway authority DfT files the count points under.

  • Hertfordshire

Data sources and methodology

Datasets used on this page
Figures Source Period Records Updated
Traffic counts and vehicle mix Road traffic statistics (AADF by count point) Department for Transport
Derived statistics UK Motoring
2000 to 2025 5 count points in 2025 15 September 2026
Reported collisions Road safety open data (STATS19) Department for Transport
Derived statistics UK Motoring
2021 to 2025 102 reported collisions 15 September 2026
  • Annual average daily flow (AADF) is the average number of vehicles passing a point on a typical day of the year, both directions combined.
  • Vehicle miles are AADF multiplied by link length and 365, summed over every count point link on the road.
  • Sections join count point links between junctions, using the link lines in DfT’s major road database.
  • STATS19 covers personal injury collisions reported to the police. Damage-only collisions are not included, and not every injury collision is reported.
  • Serious and slight figures are DfT’s adjusted estimates, which allow for police forces moving to injury-based reporting.
  • Counts of one or two collisions below Great Britain level are shown as “fewer than 3”.

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.