A-road

A478 traffic and collisions

The A478 is an A-road of 32.1 miles, from Pembrokeshire to Ceredigion. This page covers its traffic at 10 DfT count points since 2000 and the collisions police recorded on it.

Last updated
Records analysed
10 count points in 2025
Methodology
View methodology
  • Traffic in 2025 48m vehicle miles
  • Average daily traffic 4,097 vehicles a day, both directions
  • Busiest section 7,717 A4218 Serpentine Rd to A477(T)
  • HGV share 5.8% of vehicle miles
  • Traffic since 2019 −5.6% same count points
  • Collisions, 2021 to 2025 73 31.9 per 100m vehicle miles

How busy is the A478?

On an average day in 2025, 4,097 vehicles passed each point on the A478, counting both directions. The busiest section is A4218 Serpentine Rd to A477(T) (Pembrokeshire), with 7,717 a day; the quietest listed is A4139 White Lion St to A4218 Serpentine Rd, with 2,861.

Busiest sections, 2025

A4218 Serpentine Rd to A477(T) carries 1.9 times the road’s average flow.

Sections of the A478 with the highest average daily flow, 2025
Section Vehicles a day
A4218 Serpentine Rd to A477(T) Pembrokeshire · 4.0 mi · HGVs 3.1% 7,717
A477 to A4115 Pembrokeshire · 2.9 mi · HGVs 3.0% 5,715
A4115 to A40(T) Pembrokeshire · 4.3 mi · HGVs 3.9% 3,807
B4332E to A487 Pembrokeshire, Ceredigion · 4.9 mi · HGVs 5.4% 3,487
A40(T) to LA Boundry Pembrokeshire, Carmarthenshire · 8.8 mi · HGVs 9.0% 3,387
LA Boundry to B4332E Pembrokeshire · 6.2 mi · HGVs 10.4% 2,976
A4139 White Lion St to A4218 Serpentine Rd Pembrokeshire · 0.7 mi · HGVs 2.3% 2,861

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

Route

Pembrokeshire to Ceredigion · 32.1 miles

Pembrokeshire Ceredigion
Schematic route: each line joins the junctions at the ends of a DfT count point link.

A478 traffic and collisions by section

8 sections between junctions, in route order. Each is the average of its DfT count points, weighted by length.

Sections Tap a column heading to sort
Sections of the A478 in route order, 2025 traffic
#
1A478 to HarbourPembrokeshire0.31,1803.1%−5.4%fewer than 3
2A4139 White Lion St to A4218 Serpentine RdPembrokeshire0.72,8612.3%−2.4%3
3A4218 Serpentine Rd to A477(T)Pembrokeshire4.07,7173.1%−5.8%1629.6
4A477 to A4115Pembrokeshire2.95,7153.0%−6.8%5
5A4115 to A40(T)Pembrokeshire4.33,8073.9%6
6A40(T) to LA BoundryPembrokeshire, Carmarthenshire8.83,3879.0%9
7LA Boundry to B4332EPembrokeshire6.22,97610.4%−5.0%1958.6
8B4332E to A487Pembrokeshire, Ceredigion4.93,4875.4%−5.6%1343.4

Vehicles a day is the average daily flow in 2025. “Since 2019” compares the same count points. Collisions are those with the A478 as the first road, placed on the nearest section by their recorded position; rates (per 100 million vehicle miles) are shown for sections of half a mile or more with 10 or more.

A478 traffic by vehicle type

Cars and taxis make up 72.8% of the vehicle miles on the A478. HGVs account for 5.8%, rising to 10.4% on LA Boundry to B4332E.

Vehicle mix, 2025

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

HGV share of traffic

HGVs as a share of vehicle miles on the A478, by year
Year HGV share
2000 6.2%
2001 6.0%
2002 6.3%
2003 5.9%
2004 5.9%
2005 5.4%
2006 5.9%
2007 6.1%
2008 6.2%
2009 6.1%
2010 5.8%
2011 5.9%
2012 6.0%
2013 6.1%
2014 6.2%
2015 6.0%
2016 5.9%
2017 5.7%
2018 5.7%
2019 5.7%
2020 6.7%
2021 6.6%
2022 6.3%
2023 6.0%
2024 5.9%
2025 5.8%

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

A478 traffic trend

Traffic on the A478 came to 48 million vehicle miles in 2025. At the count points present in both years, it is down 5.6% on 2019, before the pandemic, and down 1.9% on 2015.

Vehicle miles a year

Like for like, traffic is up 4.4% on 2000.

Vehicle miles on the A478 each year, the whole road as it was that year
Year Vehicle miles
2000 45m
2001 45m
2002 40m
2003 43m
2004 44m
2005 43m
2006 45m
2007 46m
2008 45m
2009 46m
2010 45m
2011 46m
2012 45m
2013 46m
2014 47m
2015 48m
2016 50m
2017 50m
2018 50m
2019 50m
2020 38m
2021 42m
2022 45m
2023 46m
2024 47m
2025 48m

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

Average daily flow

Average daily flow along the A478, weighted by link length, by year
Year Vehicles a day
2000 3,924
2001 3,967
2002 3,486
2003 3,745
2004 3,817
2005 3,749
2006 3,970
2007 3,989
2008 3,930
2009 4,004
2010 3,953
2011 3,995
2012 3,939
2013 3,993
2014 4,083
2015 4,195
2016 4,329
2017 4,331
2018 4,364
2019 4,343
2020 3,300
2021 3,646
2022 3,926
2023 4,005
2024 4,052
2025 4,097

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

The chart counts the whole road as it was each year, so new or renumbered stretches move it. The percentage changes compare only count points present in both years (70.7% of today’s road for 2019). In 2025, 1 of the 10 count points were counted; DfT estimated the rest from earlier counts and local trends.

A478 collisions

Police recorded 73 collisions with the A478 as the first road from 2021 to 2025, 30 of them fatal or serious, including 3 fatal. That is 31.9 per 100 million vehicle miles, close to the 31.5 for all A-roads in Great Britain. On average there were 0.5 a year for each mile of road.

Reported collisions by year

Up 63.6% from 2021 to 2025.

Police-reported collisions on the A478 by year: fatal or serious, and slight
Year SlightFatal or serious
2021 56
2022 53
2023 125
2024 118
2025 108

Source:DfT STATS19,UK Motoring analysis 2021 to 2025 Updated

Sections with the highest collision rates

Per 100 million vehicle miles, 2021 to 2025. Sections of half a mile or more with 10 or more collisions.

Collisions per 100 million vehicle miles by section of the A478, 2021 to 2025
Section Per 100m vehicle miles
LA Boundry to B4332E Pembrokeshire · 19 collisions 58.6
B4332E to A487 Pembrokeshire, Ceredigion · 13 collisions 43.4
A4218 Serpentine Rd to A477(T) Pembrokeshire · 16 collisions 29.6

Source:DfT STATS19,UK Motoring analysis 2021 to 2025 Updated

A further 3 collisions were recorded at junctions where the A478 was the second road; they are not in the figures above. Fatal or serious uses DfT’s adjusted serious figures. How we count collisions

Council areas on the A478

In route order. Each is the highway authority DfT files the count points under.

  • Pembrokeshire
  • Carmarthenshire
  • Ceredigion

Data sources and methodology

Datasets used on this page
Figures Source Period Records Updated
Traffic counts and vehicle mix Road traffic statistics (AADF by count point) Department for Transport
Derived statistics UK Motoring
2000 to 2025 10 count points in 2025 15 September 2026
Reported collisions Road safety open data (STATS19) Department for Transport
Derived statistics UK Motoring
2021 to 2025 73 reported collisions 15 September 2026
  • Annual average daily flow (AADF) is the average number of vehicles passing a point on a typical day of the year, both directions combined.
  • Vehicle miles are AADF multiplied by link length and 365, summed over every count point link on the road.
  • Sections join count point links between junctions, using the link lines in DfT’s major road database.
  • STATS19 covers personal injury collisions reported to the police. Damage-only collisions are not included, and not every injury collision is reported.
  • Serious and slight figures are DfT’s adjusted estimates, which allow for police forces moving to injury-based reporting.
  • Counts of one or two collisions below Great Britain level are shown as “fewer than 3”.

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.