Trunk A-road

A421 traffic and collisions

The A421 is a trunk A-road of 48.9 miles, from Bedford to West Northamptonshire. This page covers its traffic at 27 DfT count points since 2000 and the collisions police recorded on it.

Last updated
Records analysed
27 count points in 2025
Methodology
View methodology
  • Traffic in 2025 621m vehicle miles
  • Average daily traffic 34,816 vehicles a day, both directions
  • Busiest section 71,980 A421 split to A5134
  • HGV share 7.9% of vehicle miles
  • Traffic since 2019 +0.7% same count points
  • Collisions, 2021 to 2025 342 11.7 per 100m vehicle miles

How busy is the A421?

On an average day in 2025, 34,816 vehicles passed each point on the A421, counting both directions. The busiest section is A421 split to A5134 (Bedford), with 71,980 a day; the quietest listed is A4421 to A43, with 10,351.

Busiest sections, 2025

A421 split to A5134 carries 2.1 times the road’s average flow.

Sections of the A421 with the highest average daily flow, 2025
Section Vehicles a day
A421 split to A5134 Bedford · 2.0 mi · HGVs 7.3% 71,980
A600 to A6(T) Bedford · 1.9 mi · HGVs 7.7% 66,139
A5134 to A507 Bedford, Central Bedfordshire · 7.2 mi · HGVs 9.2% 56,643
A603 to A600 Bedford · 0.7 mi · HGVs 7.9% 50,936
A603 Bedford · 2.3 mi · HGVs 9.0% 44,932
A421 North before M1 to A5130 Milton Keynes · 1.8 mi · HGVs 7.6% 35,700
Grafton St to Rhoscolyn Drive Milton Keynes · 2.1 mi · HGVs 4.0% 35,095
A507 to A421 North before M1 Central Bedfordshire · 2.2 mi · HGVs 8.5% 34,742
Count point 92166 Bedford · 4.0 mi · HGVs 11.0% 33,329
Rhoscolyn Drive to B4034 Milton Keynes · 0.6 mi · HGVs 4.0% 31,937

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

Route

Bedford to West Northamptonshire · 48.9 miles

Bedford West Northamptonshire
Schematic route: each line joins the junctions at the ends of a DfT count point link.

A421 traffic and collisions by section

19 sections between junctions, in route order. Each is the average of its DfT count points, weighted by length. 4 short link roads and spurs (1.9 miles) count in the road’s totals but are not listed.

Show all 19 sections Tap a column heading to sort
Sections of the A421 in route order, 2025 traffic
#
1Count point 92166Bedford4.033,32911.0%2510.3
2Count point 92167Bedford0.628,10213.5%3
3A603Bedford2.344,9329.0%6
4A603 to A600Bedford0.750,9367.9%−3.8%fewer than 3
5A600 to A6(T)Bedford1.966,1397.7%+9.2%2611.8
6A421 split to A5134Bedford2.071,9807.3%−3.2%3112.2
7A5134 to A507Bedford, Central Bedfordshire7.256,6439.2%334.7
8A507 to A421 North before M1Central Bedfordshire2.234,7428.5%2518.8
9A421 North before M1 to A5130Milton Keynes1.835,7007.6%9
10A5130 to Larsborough Rd/Bransworth AveMilton Keynes0.428,5895.8%+10.9%8
11Larsborough Rd/Bransworth Ave to A4146Milton Keynes0.435,7365.8%+11.0%10
12A4146 to A421 splitMilton Keynes3.231,4254.9%42114.4
13Grafton St to Rhoscolyn DriveMilton Keynes2.135,0954.0%+1.6%2116.4
14Rhoscolyn Drive to B4034Milton Keynes0.631,9374.0%+1.6%fewer than 3
15B4034 to B4033 Nash RdMilton Keynes, Buckinghamshire3.620,8066.1%−10.9%2015.1
16B4033 Nash Rd to A413Buckinghamshire4.416,1987.9%+0.8%118.8
17At A413Buckinghamshire0.726,1065.6%+6.3%3
18A413 to A4421Buckinghamshire4.826,4985.8%1225.9
19A4421 to A43Oxfordshire, West Northamptonshire4.110,35112.1%−12.6%1215.6

Vehicles a day is the average daily flow in 2025. “Since 2019” compares the same count points. Collisions are those with the A421 as the first road, placed on the nearest section by their recorded position; rates (per 100 million vehicle miles) are shown for sections of half a mile or more with 10 or more.

A421 traffic by vehicle type

Cars and taxis make up 76.0% of the vehicle miles on the A421. HGVs account for 7.9%, rising to 13.5% on Count point 92167.

Vehicle mix, 2025

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

HGV share of traffic

HGVs as a share of vehicle miles on the A421, by year
Year HGV share
2000 8.4%
2001 8.5%
2002 9.0%
2003 9.4%
2004 8.4%
2005 8.4%
2006 9.1%
2007 9.2%
2008 8.7%
2009 8.2%
2010 8.9%
2011 8.6%
2012 7.9%
2013 7.8%
2014 7.6%
2015 7.8%
2016 7.8%
2017 8.0%
2018 7.9%
2019 7.8%
2020 9.2%
2021 9.1%
2022 8.3%
2023 8.1%
2024 8.1%
2025 7.9%

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

A421 traffic trend

Traffic on the A421 came to 621 million vehicle miles in 2025. At the count points present in both years, it is up 0.7% on 2019, before the pandemic, and up 12.4% on 2015.

Vehicle miles a year

Like for like, traffic is up 37.9% on 2000.

Vehicle miles on the A421 each year, the whole road as it was that year
Year Vehicle miles
2000 362m
2001 356m
2002 351m
2003 348m
2004 352m
2005 350m
2006 365m
2007 374m
2008 371m
2009 366m
2010 341m
2011 366m
2012 430m
2013 438m
2014 468m
2015 492m
2016 512m
2017 545m
2018 569m
2019 595m
2020 446m
2021 527m
2022 588m
2023 601m
2024 584m
2025 621m

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

Average daily flow

Average daily flow along the A421, weighted by link length, by year
Year Vehicles a day
2000 21,927
2001 21,546
2002 21,281
2003 21,092
2004 21,451
2005 21,323
2006 22,244
2007 22,872
2008 22,668
2009 22,324
2010 20,811
2011 21,972
2012 25,752
2013 26,253
2014 28,062
2015 29,472
2016 30,695
2017 32,174
2018 32,739
2019 34,246
2020 25,853
2021 30,152
2022 33,616
2023 34,375
2024 33,400
2025 34,816

Source:DfT,UK Motoring analysis 2000 to 2025 Updated

The chart counts the whole road as it was each year, so new or renumbered stretches move it. The percentage changes compare only count points present in both years (50.7% of today’s road for 2019). In 2025, 11 of the 27 count points were counted; DfT estimated the rest from earlier counts and local trends.

A421 collisions

Police recorded 342 collisions with the A421 as the first road from 2021 to 2025, 81 of them fatal or serious, including 5 fatal. That is 11.7 per 100 million vehicle miles, lower than the 31.5 for all A-roads in Great Britain. On average there were 1.4 a year for each mile of road.

Reported collisions by year

Down 16.9% from 2021 to 2025.

Police-reported collisions on the A421 by year: fatal or serious, and slight
Year SlightFatal or serious
2021 5120
2022 5518
2023 4616
2024 5918
2025 4910

Source:DfT STATS19,UK Motoring analysis 2021 to 2025 Updated

Sections with the highest collision rates

Per 100 million vehicle miles, 2021 to 2025. Sections of half a mile or more with 10 or more collisions.

Collisions per 100 million vehicle miles by section of the A421, 2021 to 2025
Section Per 100m vehicle miles
A4146 to A421 split Milton Keynes · 42 collisions 114.4
A413 to A4421 Buckinghamshire · 12 collisions 25.9
A507 to A421 North before M1 Central Bedfordshire · 25 collisions 18.8
Grafton St to Rhoscolyn Drive Milton Keynes · 21 collisions 16.4
A4421 to A43 Oxfordshire, West Northamptonshire · 12 collisions 15.6
B4034 to B4033 Nash Rd Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire · 20 collisions 15.1
A421 split to A5134 Bedford · 31 collisions 12.2
A600 to A6(T) Bedford · 26 collisions 11.8

Source:DfT STATS19,UK Motoring analysis 2021 to 2025 Updated

A further 91 collisions were recorded at junctions where the A421 was the second road; they are not in the figures above. Fatal or serious uses DfT’s adjusted serious figures. How we count collisions

Council areas on the A421

In route order. Each is the highway authority DfT files the count points under.

  • Bedford
  • Central Bedfordshire
  • Milton Keynes
  • Buckinghamshire
  • Oxfordshire
  • West Northamptonshire

Planned closures on the A421 in England

National Highways has 7 planned closures on the A421 between 16 September 2026 and 30 September 2026, 6 of them starting in that period. 6 close a carriageway rather than a lane or slip road, and 6 start between 7pm and 6am.

  • Carriageway A1 northbound Black Cat Roundabout to Wyboston carriageway closure

    16 Sept 20:00 to 25 Sept 05:00 Construction work Also affects A1, A4280

  • Carriageway A421 eastbound Water End Interchange to Black Cat Roundabout carriageway closure

    16 Sept 21:00 to 30 Sept 06:00 Construction work Also affects A1, A4280

  • Carriageway A1 northbound Tempsford to Black Cat Roundabout carriageway closure

    17 Sept 20:00 to 23 Sept 05:00 Construction work Also affects A1, A4280

  • Carriageway A1 northbound Black Cat Roundabout to Wyboston carriageway closure

    17 Sept 21:00 to 29 Sept 05:00 Construction work Also affects A1, A4280

  • Carriageway A421 eastbound M1 Jct 13 to A6 Marsh Leys carriageway closure

    20 Sept 20:00 to 21 Sept 06:00 Road maintenance

  • Lane or slip A421 eastbound Renhold to Black Cat roundabout (MP 27/0 - 27/5)- lane 2 closure

    Under way, until 31 Mar 1 of 2 lanes Construction work Also affects A1

1 more planned closure in this period are not shown.

Planned closures only: National Highways can cancel or change them, and closures caused by incidents are not shown. Council roads in England are not covered. Roadworks and closures across the UK

Source:National Highways 2026-09-16 to 2026-09-30 Updated

Data sources and methodology

Datasets used on this page
Figures Source Period Records Updated
Traffic counts and vehicle mix Road traffic statistics (AADF by count point) Department for Transport
Derived statistics UK Motoring
2000 to 2025 27 count points in 2025 15 September 2026
Reported collisions Road safety open data (STATS19) Department for Transport
Derived statistics UK Motoring
2021 to 2025 342 reported collisions 15 September 2026
Planned closures Transport Data Feeds (DATEX II) National Highways 2026-09-16 to 2026-09-30 2,304 planned closure schemes 16 September 2026
  • Annual average daily flow (AADF) is the average number of vehicles passing a point on a typical day of the year, both directions combined.
  • Vehicle miles are AADF multiplied by link length and 365, summed over every count point link on the road.
  • Sections join count point links between junctions, using the link lines in DfT’s major road database.
  • STATS19 covers personal injury collisions reported to the police. Damage-only collisions are not included, and not every injury collision is reported.
  • Serious and slight figures are DfT’s adjusted estimates, which allow for police forces moving to injury-based reporting.
  • Counts of one or two collisions below Great Britain level are shown as “fewer than 3”.

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

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